High School Rigor and College

A recent study using data from Florida schools found that students who have a more rigorous experience in high school are more successful in college. While that sounds logical, the study found several significant things that principals can use when working to improve college success for their students.

• Taking a more rigorous math course by 10th grade was linked to higher test scores and attendance at a four-year college.
• Taking a rigorous course in math, English, science, social studies or foreign language was tied to increased likelihood of attending a four-year college (7-9% more likely).
• Rigorous classes are advantageous at any time but have an even stronger relationship to college success when taken in 9th or 10th grade.
• Hispanic, African-American and poor students had a slightly higher graduation rate when they tool a rigorous course by 10th grade.
• The greatest gains occurred for students in high-poverty schools.
• Taking rigorous courses throughout high school, rather than just in the 11th or 12th grade, was advantageous.

We hope you find these data helpful as you work in your school to provide greater rigor for students, one of Oregon GEAR UP's five "R's." More information on the study is available here. We'd also enjoy hearing from you about your experience.

Both Eligible and Ready for College

The December 2010 issue of Principal Leadership had a thoughtful article by Dr. David Conley from the University of Oregon Center for Educational Policy Research on helping students become both eligible for college admission and prepared for success in entry-level college courses.

Dr. Conley's work emphasizes readiness in four critical areas: "development of key cognitive strategies, mastery of key content knowledge, proficiency with a set of academic behaviors, and sufficient college knowledge about what post-secondary education requires."

For example, he suggests that students must know how to think about and apply content knowledge, how to identify a problem, how to collect information and evaluate the resources they used, how to interpret, analyze and evaluate the information and then communicate their work by organizing it and constructing a logical means of presenting the work

He suggests that most high schools do a good job of encouraging college attendance, and helping students navigate both the admission and financial aid process. In addition, many schools provide students with a set of courses that deal with content knowledge. What most schools lack is a recognition that college success also requires a set of intellectual dispositions and skills for success in college courses.

After studying 38 high schools, seven key principles were identified. They include:

1. Create and maintain a college going culture in your school - Signal to students that the school prepares them for postsecondary success.
2. Create a core academic program aligned with and leading to college readiness by the end of the 12th grade - Define a core academic program that, for all students, that leads to college readiness.
3. Teach self-management skills and expect students to use them in high school - Help students learn to manage their own learning, to set and manage completion of goals, and to manage taking notes and completing long-term, complex assignments.
4. Make college real by preparing students for the complexity of applying to college and making the transition -Work with students and families as early as middle school and no later than the 9th grade to understand the importance of planning, taking the appropriate courses, and timelines for both admission and financial aid.
5. Create assignments and grading policies that align more closely with college expectations - Because the college experience requires students to work more independently and to manage assignments and homework without receiving a daily or weekly grade, schools should provide this experience during high school. Develop assignments that use college type experiences and expectations.
6. Make the senior year meaningful and challenging - Assure that the senior year is both academically enriching and challenging. Every student should experience a college like experience such as senior seminar, senior project or AP course.
7. Build partnerships with postsecondary institutions and programs - Work to build a relationship with postsecondary programs and institutions. Find ways for faculty to work together and to align their expectations and instruction.

Assuring that every student is prepared for postsecondary education is a critical activity in K-12 schools. I'd like to know how you respond to Dr. Conley's seven recommendations and what you and your teachers are doing to assure that each of your students is prepared for post-secondary education.

Additional information about Dr. Conley's work is available at www.collegecareerready.org. Principal Leadership is a publication of the National Association of Secondary School Principals and is available online to members (www.principals.org).